New Mexico Register / Volume XIX, Number 22 / December 1, 2008
This is an amendment
to 16.61.1 NMAC Section 7, effective 12-31-2008.
16.61.1.7 DEFINITIONS:
A. Agency: the fiduciary relationship created solely by the
express written agency agreement between a person and a brokerage, authorizing
the brokerage to act as agent for the person according to the scope of
authority granted in that express written agreement for real estate services
subject to the jurisdiction of the commission.
B. Agent: the brokerage authorized to act as a fiduciary for
a person and to provide real estate services solely by means of an express
written agreement.
C. Approved education course:[ a continuing education
course approved by the real estate commission dealing with selling, leasing, or
managing residential, commercial and industrial property, as well as courses in
basic real estate law and practice.] a commission approved course
offered by a commission approved sponsor in real estate law and practice; real
estate financing including mortgages and other financing techniques; material
specific to the regulatory, technical and ethical practice of real estate; and
all state and federal laws including but not limited to fair housing, the
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), and lead-based paint disclosure.
D. Approved training course: [all other continuing
education courses approved by the commission with the exception of approved
education courses and the mandatory course].A commission approved course
offering in personal and property protection for the broker and clients;
offerings in using the computer, the internet, business calculators, and other
technologies to enhance the broker’s service to the public; offerings
concerning professional development, customer relations skills, sales promotion
including salesmanship, negotiation, marketing techniques, servicing the
client, or similar offerings.
E. Associate broker: a person holding an associate broker's
license who is affiliated with a qualifying broker.
F. Broker: any person holding a valid New Mexico associate
broker's or qualifying broker's real estate license.
G. Brokerage: a licensed qualifying broker, the licensed
real estate business represented by the qualifying broker and its affiliated
associate brokers.
H. Brokerage relationship: the legal or contractual
relationship between a person and a brokerage in a real estate transaction
subject to the jurisdiction of the commission.
I. Broker duties: those duties established by the
commission that are owed by all brokers to all clients and customers.
J. Broker in charge: a New Mexico licensed real estate
broker who is eligible to be a qualifying broker designated by the qualifying
broker to be responsible for real estate related activity within the brokerage
during the temporary absence of the qualifying broker.
K. Client: a person who has entered into an express written
agreement with a brokerage for real estate services subject to the jurisdiction
of the commission.
[L. Consumer: prospective sellers and buyers, lessors and
lessees, landlords and tenants.]
[M] L. Credit hours(s): credits toward continuing
education requirements as assigned by the real estate commission for each commission-approved
course. May vary from actual classroom hours.
Each credit hour shall consist of not less than fifty minutes of
instruction within a sixty minute period.
[N] M. Criminal background check: a criminal
background check of a first-time or renewal applicant for a New Mexico real
estate broker's license on or after January 1, 2006 conducted by an entity or
source approved by the commission.
[O] N. Custodial account: an account in the
owner's name of which the qualifying broker is a trustee. Established for the
purpose of holding monies received by the qualifying broker on behalf of the
owner, and may be interest bearing.
[P] O. Customer: a person who uses real estate
services without entering into an express written agreement with a brokerage subject
to the jurisdiction of the commission.
[Q] P. Designated [broker: a qualifying broker
or associate] agent: an associate broker who is designated in
writing by [a] their qualifying broker to serve as exclusive
agent [or exclusive transaction broker] for a seller, landlord, buyer or
tenant in a real estate transaction.
[R] Q. Designated [brokerage] agency:
the brokerage relationship established between the seller, landlord, buyer or
tenant and a designated broker, including the duties, obligations and
responsibilities of this relationship which shall [not] extend to the
qualifying broker [nor] not to any other associate broker
employed or engaged by that qualifying broker.
R. Distance Education: distance learning is education and
training that takes place outside of the traditional classroom setting and in
which other instructional media are used because the instructor, teaching
materials, and student are separated by either distance or time.
S. Dual agency: an express written agreement that modifies
existing exclusive agency agreements to provide that the brokerage agrees to
act as a facilitator in real estate transaction rather than as an exclusive
agent for .either party to the transaction.
T. Dual agent: the brokerage in a dual agency relationship
working as a facilitator in a single transaction for both a buyer client and a
seller client who have existing exclusive agency agreements with the brokerage.
U. Employee: for the purposes of Section 61-29-2 C (1) of the
real estate license law, a person employed by an owner or lessor of real
property, or a person employed by the brokerage acting on behalf of the owner
or lessor of real property. In
determining whether a person is an employee, as opposed to an independent
contractor, the commission shall consider the following indicia:
(1) does the employer withhold income tax from
the person’s wages, salary, or commission;
(2) does the employer pay a portion of the
person’s FICA tax;
(3) is the person covered by workers’
compensation insurance;
(4) does the employer make unemployment
insurance contributions on behalf of the person;
(5) does the employer consider the person an
employee.
V. Errors and omissions insurance: a type of professional
liability insurance that provides
insurance coverage
to holders of active New Mexico real estate brokers licenses for errors and
omissions made during the course of real estate transactions, subject to the
coverages, limitations, and exclusions of the specific insurance policy or
policies in place.
W. Exclusive agency: an express written agreement between a
person and a brokerage wherein the brokerage agrees to exclusively represent as
an agent the interests of the person in a real estate transaction. Such agreements include buyer agency, seller
agency, designated agency, and subagency agreements.
X. Express written agreement: a listing agreement, a written
agency or brokerage relationship agreement, an exclusive transaction broker
agreement or purchase or lease agreement, or any written agreement signed by
all parties to a real estate transaction.
Y. Facilitator: the role of a brokerage in either a dual
agency relationship or a transaction brokerage relationship in which the
exclusive relationships between a seller or landlord client or buyer or tenant
client are modified so that the brokerage impartially facilitates the
transaction.
Z. Foreign broker: a real estate brokerage licensed by a
jurisdiction other than New Mexico engaged in real estate-related activities in
New Mexico.
AA. Inactive broker: a New Mexico licensed qualifying broker or
associate broker who has returned their license to the real estate commission
because they are not currently affiliated with a real estate brokerage in New
Mexico.
BB. In house transaction: a transaction that occurs under the
supervision of one qualifying broker in the same brokerage.
CC. Sponsor: an organization or entity that offers or
administrates courses in real estate practice and law, continuing education,
professional designations, or accreditations for real estate brokers.
[CC] DD. Licensee: any person holding a
New Mexico real estate license.
[DD] EE. Land title trust account: a pooled
interest-bearing account subject to the land title trust fund act.
[EE] FF. Mandatory course: the course the commission
requires brokers, except for those brokers exempted from continuing education
requirements pursuant to Section 61-29-4.1 of the real estate license law, to
take during each license renewal cycle.
[FF] GG. Party to the transaction: a client or customer
or any other person who utilizes real estate related services subject to
jurisdiction of the commission, not including a person who acquires an interest
as security for an obligation.
[GG] HH. Person: any natural person,
corporation, business trust, estate, trust, partnership, association, joint
venture, governmental entity or other legal entity.
II. Post-licensing course: the thirty (30) hour commission
approved course for associate brokers in their first three year licensing
cycle.
[HH] JJ. Principal: any person who authorizes or
employs another to do certain acts on behalf of that person.
[II] KK. Property management: includes the showing,
renting and leasing of real property, the collection and disbursement of funds
on behalf of other persons, the supervision of employees as specified in the
management agreement, the supervision of maintenance and repair work, handling
of tenant relations, and/or preparation of financial reports. In the course of
listing and marketing properties for sale, repairs and maintenance incident to
the sale and authorized by the owner, shall not be considered property management.
[JJ] LL. Property management trust account: a trust
account containing money of others derived from the management of leased or
rental properties.
[KK] MM. Property manager: a broker (with
the exception of those mentioned in Section 61-29-2(C), NMSA 1978) who, for a
fee, salary, commission or other valuable consideration, is engaged in managing
property for others.
[LL] NN. Qualifying broker: a broker who has qualified
an individual proprietorship, corporation, partnership or association to do
business as a real estate brokerage in the state of New Mexico.
[MM] OO. Referral: the communication by one
broker or brokerage to another broker or brokerage of the identity of a
potential buyer/tenant or seller/lessor of real property available for sale,
lease, rent or exchange.
[NN] PP. Responsible person: the qualifying broker or
associate broker for whom an unlicensed assistant works. If an unlicensed
assistant works for more than one broker, each broker for whom the unlicensed
assistant works is a responsible person. Each responsible person will be
subject to the provisions of Section 61-29-12A(7) NMSA 1978.
[OO] QQ. Scope of authority: the range of
authority granted by the principal to act on behalf of that principal.
[PP] RR. Short-term rental: with the exception of hotels
and motels, the rental of real property for a period of less than thirty (30)
days.
[QQ] SS. Special trust account: a trust account bearing
interest payable to a named party to the transaction.
[RR] TT. Subagent: an agent of the agent, authorized to
act for the agent in performing functions undertaken by the agent for his
principal.
[SS] UU. Transaction: any brokerage relationship, sale,
lease, rental, option or exchange subject to the jurisdiction of the commission.
[TT] VV. Transaction broker: [any] the non-fiduciary
relationship created by 61-29-2 A 14 NMSA 1978, wherein a broker or
brokerage [that] provides real estate services without entering into an
agency relationship.
[UU] WW. Trust account: an account
established by the qualifying broker for the purpose of holding money of others
received by the qualifying broker in a transaction.
[VV] XX. Unlicensed assistant: a person
who:
(1) does not hold [a] an active
New Mexico real estate license, and is subject to the jurisdiction of the
commission and;
(2) works under the supervision of a
qualifying broker[, associate broker] or associate broker;
(3) performs only those routine clerical,
secretarial, administrative or bookkeeping activities defined in Part 21 of the
real estate commission rules which do not require a New Mexico real estate
license.
[16.61.1.7 NMAC -
Rp, 16.61.1.7 NMAC, 1-1-2006; A, 12-31-2008]